In 2024, Kenya faced major economic losses due to deliberate internet shutdowns, amounting to $75 million and impacting over 22.7 million people.
These disruptions were primarily linked to government actions during periods of civil unrest and academic examinations.
One notable incident occurred in June, when a seven-hour nationwide internet outage resulted in a loss of approximately $4 million.
This disruption coincided with widespread protests against the government’s Finance Bill 2024, which proposed new taxes amid a cost-of-living crisis.
The internet blackout hindered communication among protesters and the general public, raising concerns about the government’s commitment to digital freedoms.
Another event was the blocking of the messaging app Telegram for 21 days during national examinations.
This action led to an estimated loss of $71 million.
The government’s intention was to prevent cheating and the spread of exam-related malpractices.
However, this measure disrupted communication for millions who rely on the platform for daily interactions and business operations.
These internet restrictions have broader implications beyond immediate economic losses.
They undermine Kenya’s reputation as a growing digital economy and a hub for technological innovation in Africa.
Frequent internet shutdowns can deter foreign investment, disrupt local businesses, and impede access to essential services, thereby affecting the country’s overall economic growth.
The global trend of internet shutdowns is concerning. In 2024, such actions cost the global economy approximately $7.69 billion, with Sub-Saharan Africa accounting for $1.56 billion of these losses.
Kenya’s share underscores the significant impact of these disruptions on national economies.
Critics argue that while governments may justify internet shutdowns for security reasons or to prevent exam malpractice, the broader economic and social repercussions outweigh the intended benefits.
Access to the internet is increasingly viewed as a fundamental right, essential for freedom of expression, access to information, and economic development.
Kenya’s experience in 2024 highlights the substantial economic costs and societal disruptions associated with internet shutdowns.
It is crucial to balance security concerns with the need to maintain open and reliable internet access for all citizens.
